Bio
181, Fall 2005. Dr. Lisa Werner Learning
Objectives for Chapter 6, A Tour of the Cell
Recommended
CD-ROM activities: All
Understand and be able to use the following terms:
|
cell |
light
microscope |
resolving
power |
organelle |
|
electron
microscope |
transmission
electron microscope (TEM) |
scanning
electron microscope (SEM) |
cell
fractionation |
|
ultracentrifuge |
cytosol |
prokaryotic
cell |
cytoplasm |
|
plasma
membrane |
nucleus |
nuclear
envelope |
nuclear
pore |
|
chromatin |
nucleolus |
endomembrane
system |
endoplasmic
reticulum |
|
smooth
endoplasmic reticulum |
rough
endoplasmic reticulum |
transport
vesicles |
Golgi
apparatus |
|
lysosome |
phagocytosis |
vacuoles |
contractile
vacuole |
|
central
vacuole |
mitochondria |
chloroplasts |
cristae |
|
matrix |
intermembrane
space |
thylakoids |
grana |
|
stroma |
cytoskeleton |
microtubules |
microfilaments |
|
actin |
Intermediate
filaments |
centrosome |
centriole |
|
cilia |
flagella |
cell
wall |
extracellular
matrix |
1. Distinguish between
magnification and resolving power.
2. Describe the principles,
advantages, and limitations of the light microscope, transmission electron
microscope, and scanning electron microscope.
3. Be able to use the units
of the metric system for measuring length, mass, volume, temperature and time.
4. Describe the major steps
of cell fractionation and explain why it is a useful technique.
5. What
is a cell? (What are the essential components found in all cells?)
6. Distinguish between
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
7. Explain why there are
both upper and lower limits to cell size.
8. Explain why
compartmentalization is important in eukaryotic cells.
9. Describe the structure
and function of the nucleus. Be able to give the function,
describe the structure, and label the following on a diagram: nuclear envelope, nuclear pore, chromatin, nucleolus.
10. Give the general function
of a ribosome.
11. Give the overall function
of the endomembrane system and list its components, describe their structures
and functions.
a. Describe
the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum, including that of the rough and
smooth ER. What are the functions of the
rough and smooth ER?
b. Describe
the structure and the function of the Golgi apparatus. Be able to outline how the delivery system
works.
c.
Describe the structure and function of
transport vesicles.
d. Describe
the flow of proteins through the endomembrane system.
e. Describe
the structure and function of lysosomes.
Explain
how impaired lysosomal function can cause the symptoms of storage diseases.
f.
Give different examples of vacuoles.
12. Describe the structure of
a mitochondrion and explain the importance of compartmentalization in
mitochondrial function.
13. Identify the three
functional compartments of a chloroplast. Explain the importance of
compartmentalization in chloroplast function.
14. Describe the general roles
of the cytoskeleton.
15. Describe the structure
and functions of microtubules, microfilaments, and intermediate filaments.
16. Describe the structure
and function of the plant cell wall.
17. Describe the
extracellular matrix. What type of cells have an extracellular matrix. What is its
role?
18. Give some of the
functions of intracellular junctions.
19. Be
able to diagram or identify the appropriate cell or organelle: plasma membrane,
nucleus, cytoplasm, cell wall, central vacuole, transport vesicle, endoplasmic
reticulum, ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi body, nucleolus, mitochondria,
cristae, matrix, mitochondrial inter-membrane space, chloroplasts, grana,
thylakoids.