Bio 181, Fall 2002, Dr. Lisa Werner

Learning Objectives for Chapter 13, Patterns of Inheritance

Understand and be able to use the following terms:

alleles	autosome	continuous variation	codominance
cross	cross fertilization	cystic fibrosis	dihybrid
dominant	Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy	eggs	epistasis
F1 generation	F2 generation	fertilization	gametes
genes	genetic recombination	genotype	hemophilia
heterozygous	homozygous	Huntington’s Disease	incomplete dominance
linkage	locus	law of independent assortment	law of segregation
monohybrid	multiple alleles	parental generation	pedigree
phenotype	polygenic inheritance	pleiotripic	Punnett square
recessive	self fertilize	sex chromosome	sex-linked gene
self fertilization	sickle cell anemia	sperm	Tay-Sachs disease
wild type

1. What is a wild type trait?

2. Why were garden peas a good experimental organism for Mendel's study of genetics?

3. How did Mendel control fertilization of the pea plants? Why was this important for conducting genetic experiments?

4. Distinguish between the parental, F1 and F2 generations.

5. Distinguish between: gene/allele/loci; dominant /recessive; homozygous/heterozygous; genotype/phenotype.

6. Distinguish between the law of Segregation and the law of Independent Assortment. Be able to explain them using your own words.

7. Distinguish between a monohybrid cross and a dihybrid cross. Which demonstrates the law of segregation? Which demonstrates the law of independent assortment?

8. Be able to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of a monohybrid cross, or a dihybrid cross. If given the genotypes of offspring, be able to give the genotypes of parents.

9. Be able to read a family pedigree to figure out probable genotypes of family members (for example, whether a family member is likely to be a carrier). Recognize what the squares, circles, and colored symbols represent.

10. Be able to give examples of both recessive and dominant genetic disorders seen in humans.

11. Be able explain the genetic basis for phenotypes seen in traits showing incomplete dominance. Be able to recognize cases of incomplete dominance.

12. Be able explain the genetic basis for continuous traits such as intelligence and height.

13. Distinguish between the genetic basis of epistasis and pleiotropy.

14. How is gender determined in humans?

15. How is the inheritance of traits from genes on the sex chromosomes is different from that of traits from genes on the autosomes?

16. Be able to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of sex-linked crosses, or determine the genotypes and phenotypes of parents of children with sex-linked traits.