Sources: PowerPoint, Web

1. Mutualism: both benefit - bee and flower, fruit eater dispersing seeds, etc.
Competition: both lose - coyote and bobcat both eating same prey
Predation: predator gains, prey loses - coyote eats mouse
Parasitism: parasite gains, host loses - mistletoe on tree, mosquito on person
Commensalism: one gains, one is unaffected - spider using an abandoned rodent burrow.

2. A group of individuals capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.

3. Every species is given a two word name. The first word is the genus and the second word is the specific epithet. The first letter of the genus is capitalized and none of the specific epithet is capitalized. Both words are put in italics.

4. Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

5. Arthropoda: have jointed legs and an exoskeleton
Chordata: have a nerve cord down their back, usually inside a backbone (vertebrates).

6. Arachnida: 8 legs; scorpions, spiders, ticks, mites
Insecta: 6 legs; ants, flies, beetles, grasshoppers, butterflies, etc.

7. Vertebrate classes covered in Bio 109:
Class Osteichthyes: bony fish - most fish, such as trout
Class Amphibia: amphibians - salamanders, frogs
Class Reptilia: reptiles - turtles, crocodiles, lizards, snakes
Class Aves: birds - eagles, etc.
Class Mammalia: mammals - primates, whales, seals, mice, bats

8. Entomology, Ichthyology, Herpetology, Herpetology (Herpetology is the study of both amphibians and reptiles), Ornithology, Mammalogy

9. 33%, 74%, 86%, 4%

10. Habitat: the place or type of place an organism lives and thrives. Niche: what the organism does in its habitat.

11. Native: naturally occurring in a place. Endemic: naturally occuring only in a particular place. Introduced: brought by humans to a place it did not naturally occur.

12. Adaptation is genetic changes at population level and acclimation is physiological changes at the individual level.